Rubber Gaskets

Rubber gaskets are elastic components used for mechanically sealing the microscopic gap between two mating surfaces or joints. Examples of these surfaces are flange faces of piping and fittings, mating surfaces of an automotive cylinder head and engine block, tank rims and covers, door edges, frames, and so on. Rubber gaskets seal surfaces by flowing in and filling the surface irregularities of rigid parts. The sealing effect is created by the parts exerting compressive forces, which plastically deform the gasket.

The sealing capability of rubbers is attributed to their elastomeric nature. Rubbers, natural or synthetic, belong to a family of materials called elastomers. Elastomers are classes of polymers that have a highly elastic nature created by cross-linking long polymer chains into amorphous structures. The intermolecular forces between the polymer chains are relatively weak; this allows them to be reconfigured upon application of stress. Because of this property, elastomeric gaskets can easily conform to many surface profiles, creating a tight seal.

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